Benchmarking the software packages to model and assess the seismic response of unreinforced masonry existing buildings through nonlinear static analyses     

Cattari  Serena  Magenes  Guido 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2022,20(4):1901-1936

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - Seismic modelling of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings is addressed worldwide according to different approaches, not only at research level, but also in the...  相似文献   

A comparative study on a complex URM building: part I—sensitivity of the seismic response to different modelling options in the equivalent frame models     

Ottonelli  Daria  Manzini  Carlo Filippo  Marano  Corrado  Cordasco  Emilia Angela  Cattari  Serena 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2022,20(4):2115-2158

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - The paper presents the comparison of the results of nonlinear static analyses carried out using six software packages (SWs) available at professional level and...  相似文献   

On the reliability of the equivalent frame models: the case study of the permanently monitored Pizzoli’s town hall     

Degli Abbati  Stefania  Morandi  Paolo  Cattari  Serena  Spacone  Enrico 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2022,20(4):2187-2217

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - This paper presents the comparison of the results of modal and nonlinear analyses carried out on a 2-story masonry building with rigid diaphragms, inspired by...  相似文献   

Nonlinear modeling of the seismic response of masonry structures: critical review and open issues towards engineering practice     

Cattari  Serena  Calderoni  Bruno  Cali&#;  Ivo  Camata  Guido  de Miranda  Stefano  Magenes  Guido  Milani  Gabriele  Saetta  Anna 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2022,20(4):1939-1997

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - This paper provides a comphrensive review of the critical aspects of nonlinear modeling for evaluating the seismic response of masonry structures, emphasizing...  相似文献   

In‐plane strength of unreinforced masonry piers     

Chiara Calderini  Serena Cattari  Sergio Lagomarsino 《地震工程与结构动力学》2009,38(2):243-267

The definition of adequate simplified models to assess the in‐plane load‐bearing capacity of masonry piers, in terms of both strength and displacement, plays a fundamental role in the seismic verification of masonry buildings. In this paper, a critical review of the most widespread strength criteria present in the literature and codes to interpret the failure modes of piers (rocking, crushing, bed joint sliding or diagonal cracking) are proposed. Models are usually based on an approximate evaluation of the stress state produced by the external forces in a few points/sections and on its assessment with reference to a limit strength domain. The aim of the review is to assess their reliability by discussing the hypotheses, which they are based on (assumed stress states; choice of reference points/sections on which to assess the pier strength; characteristics of the limit strength domain) and to verify the conditions for their proper use in practice, in terms of both stress fields (depending on the geometry of the pier, boundary conditions and applied loads) and types of masonry (i.e. regular brick masonry vs rubble stone masonry). In order to achieve these objectives, parametric nonlinear finite element analyses are performed and different experimental data available in the literature are analysed and compared. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A GIS approach to seismic risk assessment with an application to mining-related seismicity in Johannesburg,South Africa     

Keagen Liebenberg  Ansie Smit  Serena Coetzee  Andrzej Kijko 《Acta Geophysica》2017,65(4):645-657

The majority of seismic activity in South Africa is related to extensive mining operations, usually in close proximity to densely populated areas where a relatively weak seismic event could cause damage. Despite a significant decrease in mining operations in the Witwatersrand area, the number of seismic events appears to be increasing and is attributed to the acid mine drainage problem. The increased seismicity is raising concern amongst disaster management centres and in the insurance industry. A better understanding is required of the vulnerability and the size of the potential loss of people and infrastructure in densely populated Johannesburg and its surrounding areas. Results of a deterministic seismic risk, vulnerability, and loss assessment are presented by making use of a geographic information system (GIS). The results illustrate the benefits of using GIS and contribute to a better understanding of the risk, which can assist in improving disaster preparedness.  相似文献   

Chemical evolution ahead of Herbig–Haro objects     

Serena Viti  David A. Williams 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,310(2):517-526

Compact regions of enhanced HCO⁺ and NH₃ emission have been detected close to a number of Herbig–Haro objects. An interpretation of these detections is the following: a transient clump within the molecular cloud has been irradiated by the shock that generates the Herbig–Haro object. The irradiation releases icy mantles from the grains within the transient clump and initiates a photochemistry. On the basis of this picture, we have developed an extensive chemical model which predicts that a wide range of species, other than NH₃ and HCO⁺, should also be detectable. These include CH₃OH, H₂S, C₃H₄, H₂CO, SO, SO₂, H₂CS and NS. The chemical effects should last ∼  10⁴ yr  .  相似文献   

Do small marinas drive habitat specific impacts? A case study from Mediterranean Sea     

Di Franco A  Graziano M  Franzitta G  Felline S  Chemello R  Milazzo M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(5):926-933

Many human activities add new structures to the marine landscape. Despite the fact that human structures cause some inevitable impacts, surprisingly little information exists on the effects of marina on natural marine assemblages. The aim of this paper is to assess habitat-specific response of benthic sessile organisms of rocky shores in relation to the presence of a small marina. Sampling was carried out at three coastal habitats (midshore, lowshore and subtidal) by means of visual censuses adopting an after-control-impact (ACI) experimental design. It appears that the marina affects the structure and composition of benthic communities of both the midshore and the lowshore. Little effect was evident on shallow subtidal assemblage structure. The results of the present study clearly show habitat-specific responses of coastal benthic assemblages to the presence of infrastructure.  相似文献   

Presence of plastic debris in loggerhead turtle stranded along the Tuscany coasts of the Pelagos Sanctuary for Mediterranean Marine Mammals (Italy)     

Tommaso Campani  Matteo Baini  Matteo Giannetti  Fabrizio Cancelli  Cecilia Mancusi  Fabrizio Serena  Letizia Marsili  Silvia Casini  Maria Cristina Fossi 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

This work evaluated the presence and the frequency of occurrence of marine litter in the gastrointestinal tract of 31 Caretta caretta found stranded or accidentally bycaught in the North Tyrrhenian Sea. Marine debris were present in 71% of specimens and were subdivided in different categories according to Fulmar Protocol (OSPAR 2008). The main type of marine debris found was user plastic, with the main occurrence of sheetlike user plastic. The small juveniles showed a mean ± SD of marine debris items of 19.00 ± 23.84, while the adult specimens showed higher values of marine litter if compared with the juveniles (26.87 ± 35.85). The occurrence of marine debris observed in this work confirms the high impact of marine debris in the Mediterranean Sea in respect to other seas and oceans, and highlights the importance of Caretta caretta as good indicator for marine litter in the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) of European Union.  相似文献   

Address databases for national SDI: Comparing the novel data grid approach to data harvesting and federated databases     

Serena Coetzee  Judith Bishop 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(9):1179-1209

The original purpose of addresses was to enable the correct and unambiguous delivery of postal mail. The advent of computers and more specifically geographic information systems (GIS) opened up a whole new range of possibilities for the use of addresses, such as routing and vehicle navigation, spatial demographic analysis, geo‐marketing, and service placement and delivery. Such functionality requires a database which can store and access spatial data effectively. In this paper we present address databases and justify the need for national address databases. We describe models used for national address databases, and present our evaluation framework for an address database at a national level within the context of a spatial data infrastructure (SDI). The models of data harvesting, federated databases and data grids are analyzed and evaluated according to our novel framework, and we show that the data grid model has some unique features that make it attractive for a national address database in an environment where centralized control and/or coordination is difficult or undesirable.  相似文献